Finally, we report ribosomes that built up along transcripts are competent to resume elongation and complete protein synthesis after readdition of glucose to starved cells. These results indicate that stress-induced elongation regulation causes ribosomes to slow down and build up on a considerable proportion of the transcriptome in response to glucose withdrawal. Additionally, on assessed mRNAs, a correlation existed between ribosome occupancy and protein production pre-stress but was lost after stress. We observed that ribosome distribution broadly shifts towards the downstream ends of transcripts after both acute and gradual glucose deprivation but not in response to other stressors.
The use of ribosome profiling and in vivo reporter assays demonstrated elongation rates slow progressively following glucose removal. Here, we examine the role of the elongation step of translation in yeast subjected to acute glucose deprivation. However, cells have evolved complex regulatory means to control translation apart from initiation. In particular, inhibition of the initiation step of translation has been highlighted as the key control step in stress-induced translational suppression as mechanisms that quickly suppress initiation are well-conserved. Suppression of translation is a canonical response to stressful changes in the cellular environment. Protein synthesis is energetically expensive and its rate is influenced by factors such as cell type and environment.
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